In the current study, we examine, for the first time in the literature, the impact of exogenous effects in the shipping industry by employing data from the recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and explore the reactions of freight rates for dry bulk, clean, and dirty tankers. Our results, using both...

We investigate and quantify the relationship between agricultural commodities and ocean-going freight rates, using a weekly dataset from 2010 to 2019 and a Vector Error Correction Methodology. The results are firstly supportive of the view that vessel classes are highly interconnected, and...

With interest rates at the zero lower bound, central banks resort to unconventional methods to fuel the economy, such as Quantitative Easing (QE). Since QE has become widely used over the past decade, we examine for any possible adverse effects it can have on wealth inequality, measured as the...

Inflation and inflation expectations are of the most watched macroeconomic variables, given the central banks’ usual inflation mandate. While inflation targets usually stand at two percent, households’ inflation perceptions differ substantially. Using a panel VAR approach and data for all 19...

Consumer inflation across the globe has rebounded during 2021, also as a result of supply side disruptions, one of which is the increase in freight costs. To elaborate on the relationship between inflation and shipping costs, we employ a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and use disaggregated...

We examine how LNG carrier port congestion at European ports affects euro area energy inflation. As energy inflation significantly affects headline inflation, this study provides an additional factor that can contribute to inflationary pressures. Overall, the results show that an increase in...

We explore, for the first time in the literature, how the revenues of the ship-management companies respond to macroeconomic exogenous shocks. Using data for ship-management companies in Cyprus, we find evidence that a demand shock has the largest impact on revenues, exhibiting an almost...

We assess how the ECB’s Deposit Facility Rate (DFR) cuts have affected the granting of new loan contracts in the euro area, for both households and NFCs in a sample of 15 euro area countries. The results suggest that rate cuts pushing the DFR below -0.20% did not have a positive impact on new...

We examine the impact of port congestion on containership freight rates. Our results show that port congestion has a positive and significant effect on containership freight rates. However, a 1% increase in port congestion in North America or Europe has an effect of approximately 0.5% on...