This paper considers two-step efficient GMM estimation and inference where the weighting matrix and asymptotic variance matrix are based on the series long run variance estimator. We propose a simple and easy-to-implement modification to the trinity of test statistics in the two-step efficient...

According to the conventional asymptotic theory, the two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator and test perform as least as well as the one-step estimator and test in large samples. The conventional asymptotic theory, as elegant and convenient as it is, completely ignores the...

This paper evaluates the data from the recent financial crisis to examine the risk spillover effects of financial markets value at risk (VaR), which captures the extreme behavior of an asset, is considered a measure of risk in an asset or in a market. We hypothesize that an extreme downside...

We propose a new finite sample corrected variance estimator for the linear generalized method of moments (GMM) including the one-step, two-step, and iterated estimators. Our formula additionally corrects for the over-identification bias in variance estimation on top of the commonly used finite...