Elster, Jon - In: Handbook of the economics of giving, altruism and …, (pp. 183-206). 2006
Altruism can be understood in a behavioral or in a psychological sense. Motivationally, altruism is the desire to … enhance the welfare of others at a net welfare loss to oneself. Behaviorally, altruism is any act that could have resulted … on seeing what other agents are doing, corresponding to quasi-moral norms of fairness or reciprocity, and acts whose …