Recently, government such as India, Canada and China have levied environment tax on production while subsidized the output of remanufactured components to promote resource-saving and pollution reduction. As a result, many original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have collaborated with the...

Supply chain partnerships exhibit varying degrees of power distribution among the agents. This has implications for pricing and operational decisions in the channel and eventually influences the end customers. To understand how different power schemes affect the supply chain partners’...

In today's increasingly interconnected world, co-opetition has emerged as a new business practice among the technology firms. The boundaries between cooperation and competition have been becoming vague, where rivals engage in collaborative activities. One of the most critical challenges facing...

In this paper, we study the impact of demand uncertainty on the build-operate-transfer (BOT) contract design by optimizing a bi-objective problem via three critical decisions: toll, capacity and concession period. We derive the optimums and identify the public and private sector's economic...

Software-as-a-service (SaaS) allows customers to use software over the Internet by paying a subscription fee rather than by buying shrink-wrapped software and installing it on their computers. To maintain customer interests in SaaS, the provider's dynamic quality decision is important. Thus, we...

Postponement is viewed as a vital element in any agile strategy and attractive in principle. However, its application is to a lesser extent because of lacking efficient pricing model. Therefore, we propose a dynamic pricing model based on bi-level programming approach: firstly, we establish a...