. Under monetary regimes (such as inflation-targeting) making inflation I(0), the easiest way to implement the proposed …-and then () subtract from this inflation's sample average (or target), thus obtaining the real natural rate. More complex … presents two key advantages: (1) under regimes making inflation I(0), M1 velocity is equal, up to a linear transformation, to …

. Under monetary regimes (such as inflation-targeting) making inflation I(0), the easiest way to implement the proposed …-and then (ii) subtract from this inflation's sample average (or target), thus obtaining the real natural rate. More complex … presents two key advantages: (1) under regimes making inflation I(0), M1 velocity is equal, up to a linear transformation, to …

data from 1995Q4 to 2021Q4 and Bayesian estimation methods, we find that trend inflation has been well-anchored during the …In this paper, we estimate trend inflation in Sweden using an unobserved components stochastic volatility model. Using … period - although in general at a level below the inflation target - and it does not appear to have been affected much by the …