(DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) are applied to the 2017 data, 2018 data, and 2020 data of the selected … development. To investigate the efficiency and productivity of creating human capital, the methods of Data Envelopment Analysis … decreasing return to scale. The comparison between 2018 and 2020 shows that human capital creation productivity in 2020 in …

productivity change." It reviews the criticisms made against that paper, especially the use of a utilization adjustment, and fin … slowdown in the growth of total factor productivity as implying, necessarily, a parallel slowdown in the technological …