implications of democratization in African countries: better economic growth through improved institutions and less civil conflict …Africa has seen a steady rise in democracy since the end of the Cold War. This paper investigates two possible … estimated using a new instrument: the spatial lag of democracy. This instrument varies over time, allowing for consideration of …

positive association between democracy and economic growth is driven by endogenous democratization episodes (i.e., due to …This article challenges recent findings that democracy has sizable effects on economic growth. As extensive political … paper focuses on this endogeneity concern. Using a worldwide survey of 165 country-specific democracy experts conducted for …