Sectoral greenhouse gas offsets can provide the same incentives for emissions reductions as a carbon tax or a cap-and-trade program, with a focus on rewards rather than costs. This paper develops a pilot analysis of such offsets using relatively transparent quantitative methods to estimate a...

In 2014, Russia continues to display upward trends in the oil extraction sector and petroleum product exports. In recent months, world prices of oil have been on the decline. Over the period of August-September 2014, the USA, the European Union and some other countries introduced economic...