, access rights to entry capacity on the British gas network were granted by the monopoly network owner via negotiation; rights …When access to monopoly owned networks is constrained auctioning access rights can increase the efficiency of … were later based on regulated tariffs with an increasing reliance on market based constraint resolution by the system …

because exemption induces additional harmful activity to be channeled their way. This article analyzes optimal regulation with … basic and ubiquitous features of regulation as actually implemented throughout the world has received little theoretical … regulation, which illustrates the contrast with the mechanism design approach that analyzes the optimal use of instruments of a …