acknowledged, but relatively little is known about how educational investments by parents may respond to children’s non … for differences between their children, investing more in a child who exhibits greater non-cognitive deficits, while less … associated with the narrowing of non-cognitive deficits over time for children of more educated mothers, while there is no …

range, with a focus on gender-specific parental responses to this negative shock. Using data from a nationally … with brothers. Gender-biased human capital investment by families tends to amplify the harmful effects for girls, while …

-birthweight children. This targeting heavily oversampled twins, whose outcomes differed significantly from singletons'. Singletons' gains …-term gains and negative age-18 impacts. These outcome differences arise from differences in parents' response to the program. A …