in exposure to news about the uprising, allowing us to estimate the role of contagion in the spread of the riots. We find … question by examining the Swing riots of 1830-31. The communication constraints of the time induced spatio-temporal variation … that local (rather than national) sources of information were central in driving contagion, and that this contagion …

in exposure to news about the uprising, allowing us to estimate the role of contagion in the spread of the riots. We find … question by examining the Swing riots of 1830-31. The communication constraints of the time induced spatio-temporal variation … that local (rather than national) sources of information were central in driving contagion, and that this contagion …

political instability by increasing the opportunity cost of engaging in riots and revolts. However, genetically fragmented … instability and the probability of observing the occurrence of riots and revolts across 141 countries. Furthermore, the …

prone to suffer from riots. Households report lower levels of victimization if they live further from police stations …, however, a double-edge effect of income: wealthier households are better able to cope with the adverse effects of riots, but … also have more to lose from riots and are more exposed to opportunistic violence and looting. We find further that affluent …