-1878. There were three forces at work that account for Mexican exceptionalism: first, the terms of trade and Dutch disease effects …

The study attempts to identify the dynamic relationship between trade, income growth, energy consumption and CO2 … emissions for Pakistan. Johansen’s Cointegration procedure has been employed to estimate the coefficients of the Cointegrated … Vector Autoregressive model. The results reveal that trade has a favorable effect on environmental quality for Pakistan …

Does trade raise growth rates of commodity exporters less than those of industrial goods exporters? Do industrial …, they gained from trade—their growth rates either did not increase or increased by much less than did rates of their … countries gain more from trade? Do world trade booms over the past two centuries help account for the widening gap between rich …

The nexus between trade and economic growth in Italy has been widely debated by historiography. However, there are not … consequent on the increase in intra-industry trade. We also find a weak support for export-led growth and growth-led imports … cointegration analysis and causality tests. The outcome suggests that these variables comove in the long run but the direction of …

The nexus between trade and economic growth in Italy has been widely debated by historiography. However, there are no … consequent on the increase in intra-industry trade. We also find a weak support for export-led growth and growth-led imports … cointegration analysis and causality tests. The outcome suggests that these variables comove in the long run but the direction of …

on economic growth is affected by wealth inequality.  The results suggest (a) that opening to trade tends to accelerate …Panel data on 54 developing countries between 1960 and 2000 are used to investigate how the impact of opening to trade … growth but (b) that the addition to growth depends inversely on the level of wealth inequality prior to opening.  These …

on economic growth is affected by wealth inequality. The results suggest (a) that opening to trade tends to accelerate …Panel data on 54 developing countries between 1960 and 2000 are used to investigate how the impact of opening to trade … growth but (b) that the addition to growth depends inversely on the level of wealth inequality prior to opening. These …

on economic growth is affected by wealth inequality. The results suggest (a) that opening to trade tends to accelerate …Panel data on 54 developing countries between 1960 and 2000 are used to investigate how the impact of opening to trade … growth but (b) that the addition to growth depends inversely on the level of wealth inequality prior to opening. These …

standard concerns related to the endogeneity of trade policy and provides a consistent measure of exposure to trade over time …, we relate inflation-driven changes in trade protection to changes in imports and labor market outcomes in the full count … U.S. census. We show that our measure predicts import growth at both the industry and county level. Using our measure as …

standard concerns related to the endogeneity of trade policy and provides a consistent measure of exposure to trade over time …, we relate inflation-driven changes in trade protection to changes in imports and labor market outcomes in the full count … U.S. census. We show that our measure predicts import growth at both the industry and county level. Using our measure as …