We show that a number of “noncognitive” skills and preferences, including patience and identity, are malleable in adults, and that investments in them reduce crime and violence. We recruited criminally-engaged men and randomized half to eight weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy designed to...

COVID-19 was a major shock to youth entrepreneurs and their businesses in Kenya. This paper studies the causal impact of grants - worth two months of baseline business revenue - and business development services as potential mitigation measures. Using multiple rounds of phone surveys up to seven...

COVID-19 was a major shock to youth entrepreneurs and their businesses in Kenya. This paper studies the causal impact of grants-worth two months of baseline business revenue-and business development services as potential mitigation measures. Using multiple rounds of phone surveys up to seven...

We conducted laboratory experiments to investigate how private and public information affect the selection and timing of technology adoption. Our experiments extend the standard herding model to more accurately represent the innovation decision problem. Subjects drew private signals and observed...