In 2018, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) announced the first sector-wide emission reduction target for international shipping: to limit emissions by at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2008. The roadmap to achieve this goal is the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions...

While there have been many legal studies of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, few have considered the effectiveness of the EU ETS as a matter of private law design. The authors propose to do so by tracing the history of the scheme, studying the English decision of Armstrong DLW GmbH v...

This chapter analyses the Chinese climate governance landscape that has emerged over the past decade, and focuses on the role of local governments. The central argument is that climate governance in China is predominantly top-down and highly bureaucratic in nature. Local initiatives to address...

As a key actor behind the emerging global biofuels market, the European Union has introduced environmental regulations governing biofuels. This article analyses the biofuels ‘meta-standard’ certification scheme which creates a transnational governance regime involving a regional bloc,...

This paper examines the European Union (EU) biofuels and bioliquids sustainability scheme. It argues that the ‘meta-standard’ approach adopted in the EU sustainability scheme is an innovative addition to the EU’s environmental governance toolkit. From a global governance perspective, the...

This article explores both the competition and the environmental aspects of the electricity sector in Hong Kong, and a possible linkage between them. There has been considerable public pressure to liberalize the electricity sector in Hong Kong due to longstanding discontent with the persistently...