Typical textbooks on corporate finance and forecasting and budgeting recommend closing and matching the financial statements what is known as a plug. A plug is a formula to match the Balance Sheet using the differences in some items listed in it in such a way that the accounting equation holds....

We show that project evaluation should be based on free cash flows at nominal prices. We present a case where the results from the constant price method are biased upwards and there is a risk to accept bad projects. It is a widespread practice to evaluate projects at constant prices. With an...

Component Technologies, Inc. 9CTI) manufactures components used in electronic devices. CTI is considering adding manufacturing capacity for Flex Connex to meet increased future demand. CTI's manufacturing planning staff identifies three options to meet this demand. The staff performs preliminary...

This paper presents three different approaches for calculating the levered annual values for a finite cash flow profile. In the first approach, we use K_U, the return to unlevered equity to calculate the annual tax savings and use K_U to calculate the (present) value of the tax savings. In the...

In February and March of 1999, we surveyed 392 CFOs about the cost of capital, capital budgeting, and capital structure. The survey consisted of 14 main questions, most with subparts - over 100 questions in total. Although the survey was anonymous, we also collected information on 12...

It is widely accepted that the correct discount rate for the tax shield depends on whether the value of the debt is a fixed amount or is a proportion of the value of the firm. In this pedagogical note, using a simple two period numerical example, I assume a fixed amount of debt and demonstrate...

In Velez-Pareja, (1999b and 1999c), some difficulties of EVA as an approach for the measurement of economic added value were considered. In those papers, the use of real economic value added based on the real free cash flow was suggested. This means the real cash flow calculated from the...

This paper examines a multiperiod principal-agent model in which a divisional manager has superior information regarding the profitability of an investment project available to his division. The manager also contributes to the periodic operating cash flows of his division through personally...

In this paper, we quantify shareholder value creation for 276 American companies. We provide the created shareholder value for each and every company for years 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001. The market value of the 276 companies was 8,716 billion dollars in 2001 and 9,729 billion dollars in 2000. We...

Unquestionably, before the advent of the personal computer, modeling the impacts of inflation in investment appraisal was an enormous task. Currently, with the widespread availability of personal computers, conducting investment appraisal by constructing financial statements with nominal prices...