employment functions as an improper tool for increasing the labor market flexibility. My analysis uncovers more details. While … only. Somewhat puzzling, self-employment seems to be the less sensitive to the course of business cycles. Possibly, hidden … employment substitutes it as shock-absorber. Sectoral data tell different stories. …

-economy business cycles tend to be shallower in advanced economies than in EMDEs. Informal employment in both advanced economies and …

workers. Results from VAR models support the widespread view that the shadow employment functions as an improper tool for … positive correlations only with lagged output gaps. Somewhat puzzling, self- employment seems to be the less sensitive to the … manufacturing sector the hidden employment is not correlated with the output, while in the trade sector the acyclical input turns …

difficulties. This study explores potential future employment dynamics across European industries and employment groups for the …

Is healthcare employment recession proof? We examine the hypothesis that healthcare employment is stable across the … employment responds to recessions, and show that this response depends largely on the type of the exogenous shock triggering the … recession. We find that healthcare employment responds procyclically to demand-induced recessions; and the reduction is driven by …