We reexamine long-term abnormal returns for portfolios sorted on governance characteristics. Firms with strong shareholder rights and firms with weak shareholder rights differ from the population of firms and from each other in how they cluster across industries. Using well specified tests under...

We explore the premise that the degree of market efficiency changes dynamically as investment funds face time-varying funding constraints to arbitrage capital. We show that the returns to a composite long-short hedge strategy that encompasses relative value, momentum, short-run reversals, and...

We show that short interest predicts future bad news, negative earnings surprises, and downward revisions in analyst earnings forecasts. Moreover, short interest is a better predictor of changes in firm fundamentals for stocks that are harder to short and short sellers appear to have information...

We examine commodity trading advisors (CTAs) to understand the causes and consequences of the financialization of commodity markets. We find that CTAs can hedge against stock market tail risk and that CTAs with better hedging properties attract more investor flows. Meanwhile, the aggregate CTA...

I examine the effect of option listings on underlying stock prices during 1973 - 1992. In accordance with previous studies, I find that option listings increase stock prices between 1973 and 1980. While some authors attribute this price increase to market completion, I show that this increase is...

We examine debenture yields over the period 1983-91 to evaluate the market's sensitivity to bank-specific risks, and conclude that investors have rationally reflected changes in the government's policy toward absorbing private losses in the event of a bank failure. Although this evidence does...

Previous studies of bank subordinated debenture yields have detected scant evidence that market investors rationally price bank-specific default risks. However, investors' incentives to monitor their banks' true default risks have increased over the past decade, as federal regulators have...

We document an important relation between two well-established anomalies: momentum and short-term reversal. Only stocks with negative momentum experience short-term reversal. Using Chan's (2003) news database, we show that the market appears to overreact to public news following bad past...

We investigate the dual notions that “dumb money” exacerbates well-known stock return anomalies, and “smart money” attenuates these anomalies. We find that aggregate flows to mutual funds (“dumb money”) appear to exacerbate cross-sectional mispricing, particularly for growth,...

Efficiency in the capital markets requires that capital flows are sufficient to arbitrage anomalies away. We examine the relationship between flows to a "quant" strategy that is based on capital market anomalies, and the subsequent performance of this strategy. When these flows are high, quant...