This study examines the role of auditors and monitoring banks in the tax aggressiveness of private firms. We use a unique data set of private SMEs in Finland where book-tax alignment is high and the auditing of private firms (exceeding a low threshold) is mandatory. We add to the existing...

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether national culture explains previously observed cross-country variation in trade credit. Previous work suggests that national culture may close the gap between behavioral finance and “Law and Finance” in corporate finance. National culture...

Previous studies have suggested that the use of trade credit varies by country. This paper focuses on whether the rule of law or capital market development can explain observed differences in working capital levels in small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) from 13 EU countries. Our findings...

"This paper examines trade credit policies of small firms operating in a bank-dominated environment (Finland). We find that creditworthiness and access to capital markets are important determinants of trade credit extended by sellers. The level of purchases is positively correlated with the...

This paper investigates whether there are differences in cosmetic earnings management between firms audited by male vs. female auditors in a sample of private Finnish firms. We find that earnings cosmetics is more likely to appear in firms audited by male auditors. Our results also indicate that...

This article investigates, from an agency perspective, whether private family firms, compared to private nonfamily firms, are more tax aggressive. Moreover, for private family firms, the effect of the extent of separation between ownership and management on tax aggressiveness is studied....

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to investigate lender evaluations of start-up success in a sample of Finnish firms that are customers of a state-owned financial institution. The database allows the authors to examine how qualitative information, based on the personal history, firm-specific...