Except for special cases, passport option s do not have closed-form solutions. Here we show how to derive approximate solutions using finite element methods. We also show that finite elements offer advantages in computing the hedge parameters.

Futures and forwards contracts are considered of the main derivatives contracts, which offer many services and benefits, namely risk management (hedging), and speculation. However, these contracts from the perspective of Islamic experts are varying and non-uniformed, where there are those who...

The Finite Element Method is a well-studied and well-understood method of solving partial differential equations. It's applicability to financial models formulated as PDEs is demonstrated. It's advantage concerning the computation of accurate "Greeks" is delineated. This is demonstrated with...

Passport Optionen als Sicherungsinstrument im Handel gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Ihre Bewertung ist u.a. aufgrund der Nichtlinearität der Bewertungsgleichung schwierig. Mit Finiten Elementen kann man diese Schwierigkeiten überwinden und erhält als Nebenprodukt die Hedge Ratio. Außer...

We adopt Schwartz and Smith’s model (2000) to calculate risk measures of Brent oil futures contracts and light sweet crude oil (WTI) futures contracts and Mirantes, Poblacion and Serna’s model (2012) to calculate risk measures of natural gas futures contracts, gasoil futures contracts,...

Using the contingent claim approach and market data on sovereign credit default swaps we assess the drivers of a country s risk perception. Deriving market-based asset values for a set of advanced economies we gain insights into the capital markets perspectives on sovereign creditworthiness. We...

We consider fundamental questions of arbitrage pricing arising when the uncertainty model incorporates volatility uncertainty. With a standard probabilistic model, essential equivalence between the absence of arbitrage and the existence of an equivalent martingale measure is a folk theorem, see...

In this paper, we show that large inflows into commodity investments, a recent phenomenon known as financialization, has changed the behavior and dependence structure between commodities and the general stock market. The common perception is that the increase in comovements is the result of...

This paper analyses futures prices for four energy commodities (light sweet crude oil, heating oil, gasoline and natural gas) and five agricultural commodities (corn, oats, soybean oil, soybeans and wheat), over the period 1986-2010. Using CCC and DCC multivariate GARCH models, we find that...