This paper considers the work to "retirement" transitions of the rural elders in China who reside in seven regions with substantial minority populations. The data employed, those of the China Household Ethnicity Survey, are ideal for examining the effect of cultural differences on this key...

Over the course of China's economic reforms, a pronounced divergence in the labor force participation patterns of rural and urban elders emerged – rural elders increased their rates of participation while urban elders reduced theirs. In this project, based on the data of the Chinese population...

Die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede in der Höhe der Renten lagen im Jahr 2014 bei 42 Prozent in Westdeutschland und 23 Prozent in Ostdeutschland. Im vorliegenden Bericht wird dieser sogenannte Gender Pension Gap für vier Geburtskohorten bestimmt und seine zukünftige Entwicklung...

Die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede im Rentenzahlbetrag der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung werden sich im Kohortenvergleich verringern. Während in der Kriegskohorte der 1936 bis 1945 Geborenen der so genannte Gender-Pension-Gap noch 56 Prozent in West- und 34 Prozent in Ostdeutschland...

This paper discusses population aging, increased participation of seniors in the labor force in the United States (and reasons for this), and how these trends are making the struggles of older workers in the labor market increasingly relevant. Evidence examining whether age discrimination is a...

Although elderly men and women share many of the same problems as they age, their lives are likely to follow different courses. Women are more likely than men to live into old old-age and are more likely to spend part of their young old-age caring for husbands or parents. By providing this...

25 Jahre nach dem Mauerfall kommen Männer in Ost- und Westdeutschland in der wichtigsten Säule des deutschen Alterssicherungssystems auf ein vergleichbares Niveau. Im Durchschnitt übertreffen die Renten ostdeutscher Frauen die der Westdeutschen hingegen deutlich. Die geschlechtsspezifischen...

Now, 25 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, eastern and western German men are receiving similar state pensions, the main pillar in the system of old age provision in Germany. In contrast, the average pension paid to eastern German women far exceeds that of their western counterparts. A...