In this paper, the behavioral equilibrium exchange rate (BEER) model used in a time-series setting is investigated, via its application to the valuation of Chinese renminbi. A classical definition with its generalization is given. The different misalignment results derived from the BEER models...

In economies with fixed exchange rates, the adjustment to government spending shocks is asymmetric. A fiscal expansion appreciates the real exchange rate but does not stimulate output. A fiscal contraction does not alter the exchange rate, but lowers output. We develop these insights in a...

This working paper was written by Yin-wong Cheung (University of California, Santa Cruz), Kon S. Lai (California State University, Los Angeles) and Michael Bergman (Lund University).The conventional view, as expounded by sticky-price models, is that price adjustment determines the PPP reversion...

This paper documents the evidence in support of fiscal and monetary exchange rates for the Canadian dollar, Deutschemark, Yen, and Pound over the 1974-1993 period. Cointegrating relationships between the real exchange rate and (i) fiscal impulses and (ii) productivity and government spending are...

A common assumption when analysing unemployment is that the economy is closed. However, the equilibrium rate of unemployment is not identified in an open economy unless the foreign sector is modeled. Therefore we set up and estimate a structural unobserved components open economy model for the...

In this paper we evaluate the predictive power of the three most popular equilibrium exchange rate concepts: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) and the Macroeconomic Balance (MB) approach. We show that there is a clear trade-off between storytelling and...

We use cointegration analysis to show that the long-run behaviour of the Brazilian real effective exchange rate betweeen January 1999 and September 2012 can largely be explained by the price variation of a basket of five commodities – that accounted for 51% of Brazilian export revenues in...