The Basel credit-to-GDP gap is the single most popular measure of excessive credit growth and the financial cycle in general. It is based, however, on a purely statistical understanding of excessiveness: Growth is excessive if the credit-to-GDP ratio (i.e. the ratio of credit to nominal GDP) is...

Over the past years crowdfunding emerged as an alternative funding channel for entrepreneurs. In contrast to traditional financiers (banks, venture capital firms or angel investors), crowdfunding allows individuals to fund entrepreneurs directly even with small amounts. We received...

I find that corporate European leverage variation between 2007 and 2015 is largely driven by firm and industry characteristics. Conventional, time-varying firm characteristics explain as much leverage variation as country and industry fixed effects combined. Cross-sectional leverage disparities...

We examine the effects of equity ownership by exchange traded funds (ETFs) on corporate cash holdings. We find that firms increase their cash holdings in response to higher anticipated risks generated by ETFs. To establish a causal interpretation, we use the Russell 1000/2000 index...

Domestic institutions can be a source of comparative advantage. This paper examines the role of Confucian clan culture, a long-standing institution at the heart of Chinese society, in firm exports. Using a nationally representative survey on private enterprises in China, we find that firms...

This study examines whether the use of tax haven subsidiaries by U.S. multinational corporations (MNCs) is associated with more intense use of share buybacks and with improvement in management's ability to generating revenues. I find that MNCs' more intensive tax haven subsidiary use is...

To understand the disruption and implications of distributed ledger technologies for financial reporting and auditing, we analyze firm misreporting, auditor monitoring and competition, and regulatory policy in a unified model. A federated blockchain for financial reporting and auditing can...

Recognizing the profound influence of geopolitical risks and world uncertainty on financial investment behaviour, this study uses a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of rising geopolitical risk on sovereign debt holdings for a panel of 24 OECD economies from Q1 2004 to Q4 2023. To do...

The paper discusses digitising the leading information flows in control activities. The focus is on applying technology and its integration in implementing forms of control. The aim is to argue for practical approaches to minimise information risk in pre-ongoing and post-control to ensure the...