In 1997, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) adopted the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (‘Convention’) which required each member state to make foreign bribery a crime in their respective...

This paper investigates the extent to which output has recovered from the Asian crisis. A regime-switching approach that introduces two state variables is used to decompose recessions in a set of six Asian countries into permanent and transitory components. While growth recovered fairly quickly...

This paper investigates the extent to which output has recovered from the Asian crisis. A regime-switching approach that introduces two state variables is used to decompose recessions in a set of six Asian countries into permanent and transitory components. While growth recovered fairly quickly...

The global financial crisis has cast a strong light on some hitherto obscure corners of the financial world, provoking an outpouring of calls for concerted international action. “Hard law” having disappointed, can “soft law”, in the form of international financial standards, substitute...

Este artículo examina el impacto de la globalización financiera sobre el desarrollo financiero en América Latina. Se elabora una prueba empírica con nuevos indicadores de globalización y desarrollo financieros, más cercanos al marco teórico y conceptual, y se emplea un modelo de datos de...

The factor of the earlier/later closing market, which appears in pairs of time series with non-synchronism problem exposure, may predetermine the results of the Granger causality test conducted on classic form. The shift in GMT timeline reverses the exposure of the market to the factor of...

The comparison was performed between Granger causality test results, based on the equations in classic and non-synchronism corrected forms applying the pairs of stock market indices with daily data non-synchronism problem. In contrast to the non-synchronism corrected form of the equation, the...

The rising delinquencies in the U.S. subprime mortgage market in 2006 and the succeeding collapse in housing prices had a considerably negative impact on the functioning of the European financial systems and the smooth operation of European economies. Indeed, in the Euro-area, what started as a...

The European Union budget is financed by taxes paid by European taxpayers andserves for the development of projects of common interest. The European Community and itsMember States attach great importance to its protection, both in terms of proper collection of taxesand duties and also in terms...