Using illustrative examples, this paper shows that the Net Present Value for project evaluation should be based on estimates of free cash flows at nominal prices. It is a widespread practice to evaluate projects at constant or real prices. These days, the use of constant or real prices is an...

If the forecast period is short, then the specification of the assumption for the calculation of the terminal may be an important element of the valuation exercise. To be specific, with respect to the reference year 0, the (present) value of the terminal value may be more than fifty percent of...

Unquestionably, before the advent of the personal computer, modeling the impacts of inflation in investment appraisal was an enormous task. Currently, with the widespread availability of personal computers, conducting investment appraisal by constructing financial statements with nominal prices...

Using no-arbitrage arguments in an M amp; M world, we show that in the N-period case, the appropriate discount rate for the tax shield is rho, the return to unlevered equity. We make no assumption about the appropriate discount rate for the tax shield. Instead, the appropriate discount rate for...

For cash flows in perpetuity without growth, analysts typically use the following formula for the return to levered equity Ke.lt;brgt;lt;brgt;Ke = Ku + (Ku shy; Kd)(1 shy; T)D/E (1) lt;brgt;lt;brgt;where Ku is the return to unlevered equity, Kd is the cost of debt, T is the tax rate, D is the...

In cash flow valuation (CFV), there are two main categories of mistakes: derivation of the appropriate cash flows and estimation of the cost of capital. A simple-minded view of the world would suggest that with near perfect capital markets, the presence of arbitrage would severely punish wrong...

There are many different ways to calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) and for the beginner the plethora of possibilities may be very confusing. We present a general framework for classifying the WACCs that are applied to the FCF and the CCF. For the moment, we avoid...

For the practitioner, making sense of the bewildering number of theories on the cost of capital must be a truly challenging and daunting task. In a perfect world without taxes, the cost of capital formula for a finite stream of free cash flows, with debt and equity financing, is elegant, simple...

La versioacute;n espantilde;ola de este artiacute;culo se puede encontrar en lt;a href='http://ssrn.com/abstract=279460'gt;http://ssrn.com/abstract=279460lt;/agt;Most finance textbooks (See Benninga and Sarig, 1997, Brealey, Myers and Marcus, 1996, Copeland, Koller and Murrin, 1994, Damodaran, 1996,...