Internationalization of capital markets gives opportunities to the investors to invest their money in the country of their choice, not just in their own country. The relationships between international stock markets have become increasingly important in recent times. This paper studies the...

This paper investigates the impact of ADR listing on the trading volume and volatility of the domestic market. Existing theories indicate that trading shifts to a market with lower transaction costs, and the level of volatility is directly related to the level of trading activity. The analyses...

The Greek debt crisis prompted EU officials to embark on a radical reconstruction of the European sovereign debt markets. Prominently featured in this reconstruction was a set of contract provisions called Collective Action Clauses, or CACs. CACs are supposed to help governments and private...

The fundamentals of stock exchange law have received less attention than their economic, social, political, and legal weight calls for. This paper aims to change that. First, we point readers to the concept and history of stock exchange law as an important subject for contemporary research....

Most of the currency literature investigates the risk and return characteristics of the currency carry trade after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system. In order to gauge the long-term currency carry premium, we extend the sample to 20 currencies over the period 1900 to 2012. We find modest...

We update our global evidence on the long-term realized equity risk premium, relative to both bills and bonds, in 19 different countries. Our study now runs from 1900 to the start of 2011. While there is considerable variation across countries, the realized equity risk premium was substantial...

This paper, Part One of a 2015-2016 Paper Series, examines the need for ESG data transparency, consistency, and reliability. It identifies (i) the three main drivers creating the rising global capital market systemic risk caused by unrecognized, under-reported, and under-valued ESG risks; (ii)...

This paper shows that the correlation between discount rates on three major risky asset classes – equity, housing and corporate bonds – is approximately zero. I establish this new stylised fact – the co-movement puzzle – by using new long-run data for 17 advanced economies. I confirm...

We examine historical banking crises through the lens of bank equity declines, which cover a broad sample of episodes of banking distress both with and without banking panics. To do this, we construct a new dataset on bank equity returns and narrative information on banking panics for 46...

This paper is a sequel to the “Sustainable Investment in Turkey, 2010” report (IFC, 2011). The original report provided a review of the then current state of the sustainable investment (SI) in Turkey and analysed the institutional prerequisites and interventions that would encourage better...