Control tunneling over firms can be reached through pyramids, cross-ownership, and other complex features. This phenomenon is frequent in Europe and in Asia. However, the theoretical literature has not yet converged toward a well-defined and robust measurement of integrated control that takes...

In this article, tests for globalization and contagion are separated using an ex ante definition of crises, and contagion tests are neutralized with respect to globalization effects. A large database is constructed to study the stability of correlation matrices for four asset classes: equities,...

The lack of appropriate financial training in back offices of dealing rooms is a major risk factor in the emergence of rogue trading, alongside the lack of appropriate risk culture and incentive structures on trading floors. These are major challenges in the control of trading activities. This...