In this paper, we apply the method for removing the upward bias in returns in equally-weighted return indexes developed by Fisher, Weaver, and Webb (2010) to REIT stocks in the US. While we find significant bias in this index, two trends are evident: first, there is less overall bias than in...

All of the US stock markets have reduced their respective minimum tick sizes. Since the three major US markets, the American Stock Exchange (AMEX), New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), and Nasdaq, all have different order-priority systems, the impact of the tick-size reduction on spread width, as...

One way to improve the liquidity of small stocks is to subsidize the providers of liquidity. These <p> subsidies take many forms such as informational advantages, priority in trading with incoming order flow, and fee rebates for limit order traders. In this study, we examine another type of subsidy...</p>

With augmented demands on power grids resulting in longer and larger blackouts <p> combined with heightened concerns of terrorist attacks, trading institutions and policy <p> makers have widened their search for systems that avoid market failure during these <p> disturbing events. We provide insight into...</p></p></p>