patent files. Other sources represent unintended knowledge spillovers, such as reverse engineering of technologies or hiring … workers from other firms. Based on data from the Community Innovation Survey, this paper analyses the role of different types … of intended and unintended knowledge spillovers for innovation output at the firm level. Among intended knowledge …

innovation, then invest in the chosen direction, and finally, compete. Investments can be in competing or non …-competing innovations and their outcome is uncertain. If successful, a firm can be imitated by the rival. Patent protection prevents … show that the level of the requirement may affect the direction of firms' R\&D trajectories. While in a mild patent regime …

Innovation is widely considered as the main determinant of long-term economic growth. Despite this consensus, it is … critical examination of innovation indicators and measures of the economic impact of innovation. All available innovation … indicators fall short of measuring innovation and its economic effect. However, the future could be more promising as enterprises …

this coming ban adjusted their research activity in response? The analysis of the IW patent database presented here allows … a detailed look at the research activities of the automotive industry in Germany based on patent applications in the … three largest automotive suppliers have also clearly changed their strategy. In 2010, patent applications related to the …

this coming ban adjusted their research activity in response? The analysis of the IW patent database presented here allows … a detailed look at the research activities of the automotive industry in Germany based on patent applications in the … three largest automotive suppliers have also clearly changed their strategy. In 2010, patent applications related to the …

We estimate differences in innovation behavior between foreign versus U.S.-born entrepreneurs in high-tech industries … characteristics and innovation activities. We find uniformly higher rates of innovation in immigrant-owned firms for 15 of 16 … different innovation measures; the only exception is for copyright/trademark. The immigrant advantage holds for older firms as …

type of independent patent claims, we show an increase in the annual share of process claims of about 25 percentage points … (from below 10% in 1920). This rise in process intensity is not limited to a few patent classes but can be observed across a … shorter than product claims; but this gap has narrowed since the 1970s. These patterns suggest that the patent breadth and …

the area of innovation by helping to assess the sustainability for businesses of new business models in an area …

collaboration and the average service firm's innovation output …