This paper presents a new way of measuring residual income, originally introduced by Magni (2000a,b,c, 2001a,b, 2003). Contrary to the standard residual income, the capital charge is equal to the capital lost by investors. The lost capital may be viewed as (a) the foregone capital, (b) the...

Counterfactual conditionals are cognitive tools that we incessantly use during our lives for judgments, evaluations, decisions. Counterfactuals are used for defining concepts as well; an instance of this is attested by the notions of opportunity cost and excess profit, two all-pervasive notions...

The untenable volatility of financial markets and fleeting nature of stock ownership on one side and corporate scandals, high-risk managerial whims and empire-building attitudes of corporate managers on the other have rekindled a three-decade-old debate on whether financial markets, especially...

Spanish Abstract: Es muy importante entender qué es la contabilidad porque es la manera en que las empresas nos comunican su situación. Pero en 35 años de docencia y práctica profesional he detectado varios problemas en la interpretación de la contabilidad por distintos usuarios de la...

This paper presents an axiomatization of residual income, aka excess profit, and illustrates how it may univocally engenders fixed-income or variable-income assets. In the first part it is shown that, depending on the relations between excess profit and the investor's excess wealth, a...

The objective of this manuscript is to present the arguments in favor of mini regional exchanges facilitating the trading of stocks for local and regional businesses. The mini stock exchange model proposed is not the replication of major national exchanges listing the same set of firms listed...

There are various valuation methodologies applicable to both the financial evaluation of projects as to the valuation of companies. First, have developed methods of Discounted Cash Flows (DCF), which allow discounting, or bring to present value, a series of projected future cash flows over time....

Practitioners and most academics in valuation include changes in liquid assets (potential dividends) in the cash flows. This widespread and wrong practice is inconsistent with basic finance theory. We present economic, theoretical, and empirical arguments to support the thesis. Economic...

Practitioners and teachers very easily break some consistency rules when doing or teaching valuation of assets. In this short and simple note we present a practical guide to call the attention upon the most frequent broken consistency rules. They have to do firstly with the consistency in the...

This paper examines the extent to which the rise in U.S. market-to-book ratios over the period 1980-2000 is due to expenditures on R&D becoming more profitable versus simply becoming more prevalent. More profitable R&D increases the numerator of the market-to-book ratio, while the biased nature...