I investigate the profitability and investment premium in stock returns using hand-collected data from Moody's Manuals for 1940-1963. Controlling for value, the profitability premium emerges as important in this period. In contrast, there no reliable relation between investment and returns,...

In Merton (1987), idiosyncratic risk is priced in equilibrium as a consequence of incomplete diversification. We modify this model to allow the degree of diversification to vary with average idiosyncratic volatility. This simple recognition results in a state-dependent idiosyncratic risk premium...

We study the anatomy of four widely used institutional trading algorithms representing $675 billion in demand from 961 institutions between 2012 and 2016. Parent orders generate hundreds of child orders which strategically employ price, time-in-force, and display priority rules to navigate the...

The VIX index is not traded on the spot market. Hence, in contrast to other futures markets, the VIX futures contract and spot index are not linked by a no-arbitrage condition. We examine (a) whether predictability in the VIX index carries over to the futures market, and (b) whether there is...

Novy-Marx (2013, 2014) argues that profitability and value are philosophically and economically related: buying highly productive firms at average prices is similar to buying average productivity firms at low prices. We investigate the risk and return of portfolios that hold the entire market...