The stakeholder theory of capital structure proposed by Titman (1984) argues that firms will take into account the nonfinancial stakeholders' preferences when making capital structure decisions. In particular, firms selling specialized products will choose a lower leverage ratio. We propose a...

The unique characteristics of the U.S. initial public offer (IPO) process, particularly the strict quiet period regulations, allow us to explore the effects of media coverage when the coverage does not contain genuine news (i.e., hard information that was previously unknown). We show that a...