Businesses are the main drivers of any economy and impact all the economic actors explicitly or implicitly. According to Gupta (2010) accountability, transparency, fairness, and responsibility of firms on legal social, and economic grounds are crucial for the wellbeing of every entity of a...

A business value is created by identifying the risks in the business and developing a risk mitigation plan. The only identification of risks is of little use unless an effective advance plan is developed and implemented to reduce either the likelihood or impact or both of the events. In this...

This article discusses some of the challenges present in embedding Enterprise Risk Management issues like corporate governance, independence of CRO, challenges in implementing three lines of defense model, lack of risk knowledge in the first line of defense, lack of risk qualification in the...

Financial institutions are financed by both investors and customers. Investors expect an appropriate risk-adjusted return for providing financing and risk bearing. Customers, in contrast, provide financing in exchange for specific services, and want the service fulfillment to be free of the...

We examine the interaction between the legal protection of investors, corporate governance within firms, institutional development between countries, and investable premia in emerging markets. In a multi country setting and using a novel dataset we find that better-governed firms experience...

The Kosovo’s Financial Sector is one of the newest financial sectors in Eastern Europe whose developments began in early 2000. Kosovo's banking sector consists of 8 privately owned commercial banks, the insurance companies which make up 5% of total financial sector assets by 10 insurance...

This article critically analyses the development of health insurance in India where on the one hand, 61% of India's population is covered by government health insurance schemes; however, in the premium term, their contribution is only 11%. Further, public sector general insurance companies are...

Risk culture is the engine to drive the entire enterprise risk management (ERM) program in any organization and, therefore, is of paramount importance to be a focus point.Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) has greatly focused on developing risk culture in banks and insurance...

The paper analyses the impact of COVID-19 on the death claims paid by the life insurance companies in India and as result losses suffered by the reinsurance companies. The impact of the second wave on the death claim experience for the first half-year of FY 2021-22 is much more than the death...

This chapter covers details of COSO frameworks that came out in 2004 and 2017; this also covers ISO 31000 that came out in 2009 and 2018. The chapter discusses similarities and differences between these frameworks to help understand the fabrics of enterprise risk management. The chapter further...