This paper is written in Portuguese. It analyzes the optimal division of labor between foundations and the public sector. Philanthropists enjoy more personal degrees of freedom than leverage over social systems, because public resources vastly exceed philanthropic resources. Given this dynamic,...

This paper is written in Portuguese. It asks how foundation assets can be invested for greater social impact without sacrificing financial return objectives - for example, by investing in social enterprises. In organizing the socio-economic activity outside the public sector two options are...

This paper asks how foundation assets can be invested for greater social impact without sacrificing financial return objectives - for example, by investing in social enterprises. In organizing the socio-economic activity outside the public sector two options are generally available. At one end...

This paper is written in Portuguese. Many philanthropists seek to exercise leadership on issues they are passionate about. But their resources are limited when compared to the public sector and the magnitude of social needs. To create impact, philanthropists must respond effectively to the...

This paper analyzes adjustment mechanisms for philanthropic organizations in a downturn. In the global philanthropic community, the current economic context and the difficulty to make sense of it have led donors to review their activities. In the 2008 recession, many foundation endowments have...

This paper reviews the status of market-based solutions in philanthropy/social investment. The paper discusses the following topics: the inefficient market hypothesis, new allocation opportunities, limited-life philanthropy, risk-adjusted financial returns, aligning investment and mission and...

This article provides a conceptual framework for a social agenda for commodity businesses, mapping the different action options. Providing basic and high-value commodities, the extractive industry fulfills a fundamental economic need. Operating in a wide variety of geographical and climatic...

This paper asks how foundation assets can be invested for greater social impact without sacrificing financial return objectives - for example, by investing in social enterprises. In organizing the socio-economic activity outside the public sector two options are generally available. At one end...

Against the background of extremely high transaction costs in the nonprofit sector, this paper analyzes how philanthropic funding can be targeted in appropriate ways to social entrepreneurs, depending on their being quot;public goodquot; or private goodquot; social entrepreneurs. quot;Public...

This paper analyzes venture philanthropy in Europe. Since the mid-nineties, the rise of venture philanthropy has mirrored the rise of social entrepreneurship in civil society in interesting ways. Social entrepreneurs and venture philanthropists alike have often laid claim to being among the most...