I test the evidence for implicit contracts across different regimes of industrial relations in Germany. The result is that there is strong evidence for implicit contracts. Comparing regimes of industrial relations, I find stronger support for implicit contracts in firms with individual...

This paper introduces statistical learning in an asset pricing model of differences of opinions. I show that the model converges to the unique rational-expectation equilibrium and furthermore I show that asset prices drift predictably in its neighborhood. Accordingly, the model offers a unifying...

The Capital Requirements Directive (CRD) IV, which constitutes the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR), as well as the Capital Requirements Directive (CRD), is aimed at implementing Basel III in the European Union. Consequently, this CRD package, replaces Directives 2006/48 and 2006/49 with a...

This paper exploits a data rich environment to provide direct econometric estimates of time-varying macroeconomic uncertainty, defined as the common volatility in the unforecastable component of a large number of economic indicators. Our estimates display significant independent variations from...

The article Are There Laws of Production? published in the American Economic Review in 1949 roused a great deal of interest among specialists, it has often been quoted and reprinted on several occasions. In the article Paul H. Douglas presented the results of his many years of studies. Having...

The dramatic increase in international food and fuel prices in recent times is a crucial issue fordeveloping countries and the most vulnerable to these price shocks are the poorest segments of society. In countries like Pakistan, the discussion has focused onthe impact of substantially higher...

Trade unit values are commonly used as proxies for trade prices in empirical research in international economics. Existing datasets providing international trade unit values for a large number of countries typically suffer from a number of statistical biases, due to the aggregation of unit...

This paper studies how random product innovations affect the time series properties of aggregates. It posits that recurring inventions of new intermediate goods differ in quality, and that their usage spreads gradually through the economy. It examines how fluctuations in per capita GNP are...

Manufacturers' finished goods inventories move less than shipments over the business cycle. We argue that this requires marginal cost to be more procyclical than is conventionally measured. We construct, for six manufacturing industries, alternative measures of marginal cost that attribute...

September 2002, a new market in 'Economic Derivatives' was launched allowing traders to take positions on future values of several macroeconomic data releases. We provide an initial analysis of the prices of these options. We find that market-based measures of expectations are similar to...