This study uses the unexpected stock return as the threshold variable to proxy for the business cycle and construct the threshold vector error correction model (TVECM) to examine whether an asymmetric causal relationship exists between the housing return and four macroeconomic variables, namely,...

Over the last years, prices for European office space have reached new peaks. This naturally provokes discussion about a possible overheating in the market. One approach to assess price development of real estate markets is the so-called "user cost approach". Typically, this approach is applied...

The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of office capitalization rates for a panel of 52 countries (developed and emerging countries) between 2000 and 2006. Our assumption, based on a Capital Asset Pricing Model, is that the capitalization rate should be at least proportional...

While style analysis has been studied extensively in equity markets, applications of this valuable tool for measuring and benchmarking performance and risk in a real estate context are still relatively new. Most previous real estate studies on this topic have identified three investment...

This paper discusses the rise of Japanese stock and land prices in the past four decades and their dramatic decline in the early 1990s. To what extent can fundamental factors explain both the price levels and the returns from land and stock in Japan? Are land prices driving stock prices, or the...

Historic analysis of the inflation hedging properties of stocks has produced anomalous results, with stocks often appearing to offer a perverse hedge against inflation. This has been attributed to the impact of real and monetary shocks to the economy, which influence both inflation and asset...

The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of office capitalization rates for a panel of 52 countries (developed and emerging countries) between 2000 and 2006. Our assumption, based on Capital Asset Pricing Model, is that the capitalization rate should be at least proportional...

A commonsense and empirically supported approach to explaining metropolitan real house price changes is for the theory to describe an equilibrium price level to which the market is constantly adjusting. The determinants of real house price appreciation, then, can be divided into two groups, one...

The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of office capitalization rates for a panel of 52countries (developed and emerging countries) between 2000 and 2006. Our assumption, based on a CapitalAsset Pricing Model, is that the capitalization rate should be at least proportional...

This case study examines an office building subject to a ground lease to show the difficulties that arise in the valuation of a negative leasehold interest and suggests a course of action that can be followed to reach a credible estimate of value. The subject of the case is encumbered by an...