This paper explores empirically the behavior of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) bitcoin futures contract. The analysis focuses on the time period between the launch of the CME bitcoin futures contract on December 18, 2017, and September 17, 2018. The behavior of the bitcoin spot market and...

This study investigates the main interrelations generated by the impact of foreign capital along with financial development on clean energy consumption and environmental degradation proxied by the inclusion of CO2 emissions. In doing so, we used panel data techniques targeted at BRICS and...

In this paper, the impact of stock market development on unemployment in South Africa has been empirically examined using time-series data from 1980 to 2019. The study was motivated by the high level of structural unemployment facing the country, on the one hand, and a well-developed stock...

Many sovereign defaults have occurred worldwide over the past 200 years. An analysis of 321 sovereign debt restructurings since 1815 shows that foreign private and institutional investor losses were 43 percent on average. Notably, beginning in the 1970s, several debt exchanges have increasingly...

In den vergangenen 200 Jahren hat es weltweit viele Zahlungsausfälle von Staaten gegeben. Die Untersuchung von 321 Umschuldungsabkommen seit 1815 zeigt, dass Verluste von ausländischen privaten und institutionellen Investoren durchschnittlich 43 Prozent betrugen. Auffällig ist, dass es...

Insurance companies can be exposed to climate-related physical risk through their operations and to transition risk through their $12 trillion of financial asset holdings. We assess the climate risk exposure of property and casualty (P&C) and life insurance companies in the U.S. We construct a...

We show a significant loss in U.S. Treasury market functionality when intensive use of dealer balance sheets is needed to intermediate bond markets, as in March 2020. Although yield volatility explains most of the variation in Treasury market liquidity over time, when dealer balance sheet...

We explore the design of climate stress tests to assess and manage macro-prudential risks from climate change in the financial sector. We review the climate stress scenarios currently employed by regulators, highlighting the need to (i) consider many transition risks as dynamic policy choices;...

Using around one million repeat sales observations of single-family homes across New Zealand, over the period 1992 to 2021, we provide evidence that idiosyncratic risk in real house price appreciation varies considerably across houses. We find that idiosyncratic risk is time varying, depends...

Can competing stablecoins produce efficient and stable outcomes? We study competition among stablecoins pegged to a stable currency. They are backed by interest-bearing safe assets and can be redeemed with the issuer or traded in a secondary market. If an issuer sticks to an appropriate...