Prior studies have reported mixed Þndings regarding bidder shareholder returns. There are many theories regard-ing the motivation towards the initiation of a takeover. This study intends to analyze four major merger motivations separately and examine the impact each has on bidder re-turns. We...

This paper analyses the performance of all IPOs in the Malaysian stock market between 1995 to October 1997. The effects of underpricing are examined based on the two trading boards, the main and second board. This study extends the analysis by examining the IPOs performance by the size of...

In the United Arab Emirates, the government holds ownership in 48 percent of all stock exchange-listed firms. However, prior evidence does not make clear whether the government linkage of a company via ownership holding is good or bad for the firm's performance. We propose two hypotheses. The...