The international business environment has undergone major turbulence in 2020 following the onset of lockdowns, travel restrictions and social distancing all prompted by Covid-19. These restrictions have limited the revenue generation capacity of both countries and businesses - large and small....

This chapter highlights four main themes from: explaining the contribution of the informal sector to the development of both developed and emerging market economies; to discussing the prevalence of the informal economy across regions and sectors, evaluating respective measurement metrics, and...

This paper presents initial findings of a preliminary examination of self-service at petrol stations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Informal discussions were held with 30 taxi drivers in four of the largest emirates in the UAE and a diary account was kept over a period three months. This...