In this paper we use a unique dataset to study how awareness of the formulation of the ECB’s inflation aim, defined as "below, but close to, 2%", shapes the inflation expectations of a representative set of Italian firms. In particular, we show that in the period under consideration such...

We use the Bank of Italy's Survey on Inflation and Growth Expectations to explore how the COVID-19 shock affects firms’ pricing policies and their inflation expectations. We find that the longer the time deemed necessary to return to their normal business levels and the greater the attention...

We empirically explore the direct and immediate response of firms' inflation expectations to monetary policy shocks. We use the Bank of Italy's quarterly Survey of Inflation and Growth Expectations, in operations since 2000, and compare average point inflation expectations of firms interviewed...

In this paper we analyze the dynamics of response burden in the main business surveys conducted by Banca d'Italia and we investigate its relationship with some data quality indicators. We find evidence of a significant increase in actual burden over time which has contributed to amplifying the...

Quite a lot. We investigate how the cross-sectional heterogeneity of firms' inflation expectations reflects information availability and awareness of recent macroeconomic developments, observable firm characteristics and broader macroeconomic developments using the Bank of Italy's survey on...