Business to business (“B2B”) artificial intelligence (“AI”) transactions raise challenging private law liability issues because of the distinctive nature of AI systems and particularly the new relational dynamics between AI solutions providers and procurers. This article advances a...

It is well-established that climate-related risks pose a material threat to the financial performance of companies and the authorities in Hong Kong have issued or proposed a variety of measures to address these risks. Under Hong Kong law, directors are required to consider and address these...

This paper is a preprint version of the Introduction to Ernest Lim's Sustainability and Corporate Mechanisms in Asia. This is the first book to provide a comparative and critical analysis of why and how six corporate mechanisms - (1) sustainability reporting; (2) board gender diversity; (3)...

Concentrated ownership companies are increasing worldwide, a significant percentage of which are state-owned enterprises (SOEs), whose controller is the government. Government owners are the world’s second largest type of shareholder. Despite extensive literature on SOEs, there is little...

We challenge the common law rule that shareholders can generally vote as they please, even if their intent or the effect of which is opposed to the company’s interests by demonstrating that its key underlying rationales – votes are property rights and shareholders can bind themselves to vote...

This chapter contributes to the ESG literature by drawing on the framework of the regulatory state, the developmental state and the predatory state in the management and political science literature to understand the problems and prospects related to promoting ESG in three distinct corporate law...

Social enterprises are regarded as a vital solution to the pressing problem of socio-economic inequality and play a crucial role in the delivery of public goods and services. Ernest Lim argues that social enterprises in four leading Asian jurisdictions - India, Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia...

Many microstates have an economic model that attracts global incorporations and/or finance, as plugging into the global economy is important for microstates that have small domestic economies. However, microstates often offer low business and corporation taxes or lax regulatory regimes to...

The Covid-19 crisis in 2020 severely impacted the corporate and in turn, the financial sectors of the UK, entailing responses from financial regulators to implement unprecedented regulatory suspensions that affect both the financial sector and the real economy. We argue that regulatory...