This paper explores the urbanization process under Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) definition considering Ecuador as case … of study. Analyzing data from 1950 to 2010, we have identified 28 FUAs that confirm that urbanization has rapidly …

, as well as due to climate change and unplanned urbanization. It highlights major physio-graphic, demographic, geological … and geophysical indicators that are responsible for changing the pattern and trend of urbanization in South Asia – a … climate-change-induced risks. Further, it elaborates on the challenges of urbanization-based neo-risks and vulnerabilities …