analysis uses a large panel of household data with rich soil fertility data at the plot level. The authors control for maize … suggest that Kenyan maize farmers have applied inorganic fertilizer at the optimal level, corresponding to the high nitrogen … application of inorganic fertilizer is not profitable because of its high relative price. The authors conclude that policies that …

distribution of benefits from fertilizer subsidies and their impact on rice production. The findings suggest that most farmers … benefit from fertilizer subsidies; however, the 40 percent largest farmers capture up to 60 percent of the subsidy. The … regressive nature of the fertilizer subsidies is in line with research carried out in other countries, the result of larger farms …

Despite describing a decline in soil fertility, Northern Ghanaian smallholders have not universally adopted use of …