This paper shows that the EMU has not affected historical characteristics of member countries’ business cycles and their cross-correlations. Member countries which had similar levels of GDP per-capita in the seventies have also experienced similar business cycles since then and no significant...

We study the role of heterogeneity in the revenues of individual firms for euro area macroeconomic dynamics. To this end, we specify two models: a standard aggregate vector autoregressive model (VAR) and an "heterogeneous VAR" (HVAR). The VAR model includes only aggregate data, while the HVAR...

We study the role of heterogeneity in the revenues of individual firms for euro area macroeconomic dynamics. To this end, we specify two models: a standard aggregate vector autoregressive model (VAR) and an "heterogeneous VAR" (HVAR). The VAR model includes only aggregate data, while the HVAR...