Web monetisation is the conversion of user traffic into revenue. Initially referring to websites, in more recent years, the meaning of the term has been expanded to refer to non-website traffic, such as social media applications, which this glossary entry gives more attention to. Within social...

Disruptive technologies displace established industries by creating innovative products that lead to completely new markets. Developments such as e-commerce or social media have had a profound impact on society. Law generally reacts to such developments only if there are circumstances (e.g. case...

Harmonisation and legal convergence are core tasks of the European Union. This article explores the question about the determinants for national convergence of EU law, specifically applied to the ever-growing body of European consumer sales law. The measurement of national convergence is based...

Also known as influencers, content creators are a new iteration of the gig economy who engage in the generation and monetization of user content. Content monetization reflects a new era of social media business models that allow content creators to engage in the production of cultural content...

Web monetisation is the conversion of user traffic into revenue. Initially referring to websites, in more recent years, the meaning of the term has been expanded to refer to non-website traffic, such as social media applications, which this glossary entry gives more attention to. Within social...

Political speech enjoys the highest degree of protection by national constitutions as well as supranational and international charters (e.g. ECHR). Unlike commercial speech which, in some cases, does not enjoy constitutional protection, political speech is the foundation of constitutional...

The interest of European and national policymakers, as well as consumer and market authorities in influencer marketing and its impact on consumer protection has recently esca- lated.1 In a nutshell, influencer marketing is a form of advertising which implies the provision of advertising ser-...

This contribution critically assesses the present distribution of competences in the area of consumer law. According to Art. 4 TFEU, consumer protection is a shared competence of both the European Union and the member states. Despite the apparent success of European consumer law, it is...

Social media influencers have become increasingly important in the last years. Influencers, that is, individuals with a large number of followers on social media, filter information, advertise products and services, offer advice, and promote political opinions with a significant impact on a...

As far as technology governance is concerned, in the past two years, the European Commission has been issuing one regulatory proposal after another. One of the proposed instruments is the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI ACT), which is expected to shape the future of technology innovation on the...