This research is willing to evaluate the behavior and characteristics of a worldwide pandemic economic crisis (COVID-19) and a global financial crisis in the year 2008. We propose a new indicator to compare these two types of crises. The new indicator is entitled “The economic leakage Index...

The short-term impact of COVID-19 on the environment is positive, as with the shutdown of economic activity carbon emissions have dropped. Once the crisis is over, emissions and environmental externalities are likely to rebound. Further, if the stimulus packages announced by the government are...

In this paper, we study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in estimated panel VAR models for 92 countries. The large cross section of countries allows us to shed light on the heterogeneity of the responses of stock markets and NO2 emissions as high-frequency measures of economic activity. We...