Recently, financial institutions have developed improved internal risk rating systems and emphasized the probability of default and loss given default. The default characteristics are studied for 756 loans from a French bank: CIC- Banque SNVB. A binomial logit regression is used to estimate...

Cyclicality in the losses of bank loans is important for bank risk management. Because loans have a different risk profile than bonds, evidence of cyclicality in bond losses need not apply to loans. Based on unique data we show that the default rate and loss given default of bank loans share a...

The current standardized approach for assessing credit risk under Basel III depends on ratings assigned by credit rating agencies (CRAs). However, this approach presents three problems. First, the definitions of ratings used by CRAs to assess the likelihood of default and recovery rates are not...

In this study, we consider the construction of through-the-cycle ("TTC") PD models designed for credit underwriting uses and point-in-time ("PIT") PD models suitable for early warning uses, considering which validation elements should be emphasized in each case. We build PD models using a long...

The transition from the state ownership to market mechanisms in Hungary fundamentally altered the geography of domestic micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of owner numbers, using data on all Hungarian SMEs between 1991 and 2019...

Within bank activities, which is normally defined as the joint exercise of savings collection and credit supply, risk-taking is natural, as in many human activities. Among risks related to credit intermediation, credit risk assumes particular importance. It is most simply defined as the...

This paper proposes a novel system-wide multi-state framework to model state occupations and the transitions among current, delinquency, default, prepayment, repurchase, short sale and foreclosure on mortgage loans. The approach allows for the modelling of the progression of borrowers from one...