Many believe that some hospitals engage in upcoding, an act in which hospitals classify patients into a diagnosis related group (DRG) that yields higher reimbursement from Medicare than the DRG that is justified by patients' medical records. For example, hospitals are reimbursed more than twice...

Founders make significant financial contributions in creating US private foundations. Therefore, we hypothesize that founders monitor foundation operations and predict a positive relation between founder participation and foundation efficiency. In contrast, we propose competing hypotheses in...

We examine whether the sensitivity of pay to performance is associated with the amount of insider trading that managers undertake. Because insider trading profits represent an alternative form of compensation, we expect that firms will consider the compensation component provided by insider...