The standard economic approach to considering the effects of a policy tends to neglect the prospect of regulatory ambiguity. I describe four sources of regulatory ambiguity and survey the literature considering the effects of ambiguity on entrepreneurial activity. I also explain how...

Since the 1990s, the development of Consumer Alternative Dispute Resolution (CADR) schemes allowing consumers and traders to solve their disputes out-of-court has been an ever-growing phenomenon with increasing political importance at the European level. The EU regulatory framework for CADR...

The following article is a presentation on the accountability framework of the United Nations system.The objective of the work leading to the article was to better understand the organizational global changes which may have a bearing on the audit and prevention of anti-fraud, anti-corruption...

As businesses and other entities have sought to collect more personal data on individuals, the public has pushed back, and lawmakers throughout the United States and elsewhere have responded by passing data protection laws. Recent data protection laws passed by the European Union and by several...

We study innovation incentives in the presence of "product hopping," whereby the incumbent patents a minor modification of a drug (e.g., a new delivery method) and invests in marketing to switch demand towards the minor modification. In our setting firms compete sequentially to discover two...

The impasse of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Doha Round has spurred the proliferation of trade and investment agreements, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. The fast-growing Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has been attracting the attention of governments and...

The recent years in the European Union are characterised by various initiatives on internationalisation of the State's powers of the EU Member States. This internationalisation can have different scenarios. The scenario that dominates currently pending legislation initiatives implements an...

Despite meaningful efforts to promote better practices and ensure quality among arbitrators and advocates, criticism of American arbitration is at a crescendo. Much of this criticism stems from the fact that arbitration under standard procedures has taken on the trappings of litigation -...

This article explains the roots of financial crises in one of the oldest and most fundamental problems of commercial law: hidden leverage. Common law courts wrestled with this problem for centuries and developed a time - tested solution: the doctrine of secret liens. If the debtor becomes...