This paper exploits newly available information on firms' direct (own production) and indirect (supplier-generated) carbon emission intensities and transaction-level imports to conduct an in-depth analysis of whether and how U.S. firms address climate change. We find robust evidence that U.S....

This study examines whether and how competition affects corporate strategic responses to stringent environmental policies. Using the nonattainment status of U.S. counties as a source of exogenous variation in environmental regulation, we find that competition fosters green innovation as firms...

This paper investigates how a firm's customer base shapes its investor clientele. We show that more concentrated customer base is associated with higher holdings of short-term, but not long-term, institutional investors. The results remain unchanged after addressing endogeneity concerns and...

Global outsourcing has become an economic imperative for many major corporations worldwide, but at the same time, it has brought substantial risks and uncertainties to these firms. In this study, we examine whether global outsourcing of goods or services shapes U.S. corporate disclosure...

Corporate customers are an important stakeholder in global supply chains. We employ several unique international databases to test whether socially responsible corporate customers can infuse similar socially responsible business behavior in suppliers. Our findings suggest a unilateral effect on...