Using panel data on 166 countries, this paper analyzes the effects of corporate governance, employment protection, investor protection, and political environments on the exporting performance. Our gravity model predicts that stronger democratic political institutions encourage exports. We also...

One of the current global challenges is protection of the environment. Due to increased deterioration in overall global ecological safety and the environment's sharp deterioration in certain countries and regions, the global consequences for outstanding environmental problems indicate that...

The North American Free Trade Agreement (‘NAFTA' or ‘the Agreement'), ratified in 1994, is the first free trade agreement to openly incorporate environmental provisions. Its ratification engendered a sustained debate on the effects of trade on environmental degradation that has hardly abated...

Many political leaders of the Global South oppose linkages between trade liberalization and environmental protection. We field-tested a combination of surveys and conjoint experiments in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Vietnam to examine whether citizens in developing countries share this position....